{"id":2499,"date":"2019-02-14T12:13:47","date_gmt":"2019-02-14T12:13:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/?p=2499"},"modified":"2022-03-02T10:51:19","modified_gmt":"2022-03-02T10:51:19","slug":"is-border-trade-0-5-of-uk-eu-trade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/topics\/economy\/is-border-trade-0-5-of-uk-eu-trade\/","title":{"rendered":"Is border trade 0.5% of UK-EU trade?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

This claim is inaccurate. There are 5,900 lorry (heavy goods vehicle) crossings daily. Cross-border trade represents 0.97% of UK-EU trade; alternative figures may be due to different measurement practices between countries.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Morning<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

On 30 January 2019, UKIP leader Gerard Batten made three related claims in a tweet<\/a> regarding the Ireland-Northern Ireland border. (The tweet — screenshot image below — was promptly deleted.) Firstly, he claimed that 100 lorries cross the border daily. Secondly, that trade between Ireland and Northern Ireland accounts for 0.5% of the total UK trade with EU countries. And lastly, Batten claimed that Guinness accounts for half of the total trade (\u201ctrips\u201d) across the border.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Source: https:\/\/www.thelondoneconomic.com\/news\/gerard-batten-claims-only-100-lorries-cross-irish-border-a-day-and-half-of-them-are-carrying-guinness\/30\/01\/<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

100 lorries? Half of them Guinness?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The claims that there are 100 lorry crossings between Ireland and Northern Ireland each day, and that half of this is represented by Guinness, were addressed<\/a> by fact-checkers at TheJournal.ie, who deemed them \u201cnonsense\u201d and \u201cfalse\u201d, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TheJournal.ie pointed to evidence showing that an estimated 5,900 lorries (\u201cheavy goods vehicles\u201d) cross the border daily. Diageo (the parent company of Guinness) told TheJournal.ie that they have 13,000 annual crossings \u201cassociated with the packaging of beer\u201d; this equates to 35 crossings per day for Diageo beer products. It is unknown whether this is transit by heavy goods vehicles (e.g. lorries) or light goods vehicles (e.g. vans).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In a subsequent tweet<\/a>, Batten said that \u201cthe figure for 0.5% of UK\/EU trade remains\u201d citing his source as Michael Ambuhl, the former Swiss chief EU negotiator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0.5% of UK-EU trade?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

How much does the trade of goods between Ireland and Northern Ireland contribute to the total trade between the UK and the 27 other EU member states? According to NISRA, the value of goods exported from Northern Ireland to Ireland in 2016 was \u00a32.7bn<\/a> (revised from \u00a32.4bn<\/a>). Goods imported to Northern Ireland from Ireland had a value of \u00a31bn<\/a>. This makes a total value of Northern Ireland-Ireland trade as \u00a33.7bn (\u00a32.7bn + \u00a31bn).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to Central Statistics Office<\/a> (CSO, Ireland), Ireland recorded the value of goods exported from Northern Ireland to Ireland in 2016 as \u20ac1.182bn (\u00a30.954bn). Goods imported to Northern Ireland from Ireland had a value of \u20ac1.655bn (\u00a31.336bn). This makes a total value of Northern Ireland-Ireland trade as \u20ac2.837bn (\u00a32.290bn).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2016, goods worth \u00a3142.705bn were exported from UK to all other EU member countries<\/a>, and a total value of \u00a3237.067bn was imported to the UK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This makes the share of Northern Ireland-Ireland trade account for 0.97%<\/strong> of the total UK-EU trade (\u00a33.7bn\/\u00a3379.772bn), according to NISRA figures; using CSO data, the result is 0.60%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2016<\/b><\/td>Import to NI\/UK<\/b><\/td>Export from NI\/UK<\/b><\/td>Total Value<\/b><\/td><\/tr>
NI-Ireland trade (NISRA figures)<\/span><\/td>\u00a31bn<\/span><\/td>\u00a32.7bn<\/span><\/td>\u00a33.7bn<\/span><\/td><\/tr>
NI-Ireland trade (CSO figures) \u20ac<\/span><\/td>\u20ac1.655bn<\/span><\/td>\u20ac1.182bn<\/span><\/td>\u20ac2.837bn<\/span><\/td><\/tr>
NI-Ireland trade (CSO) expressed in \u00a3<\/span><\/td>\u00a31.336bn<\/span><\/td>\u00a30.954bn<\/span><\/td>\u00a32.290bn<\/span><\/td><\/tr>
UK-EU trade<\/span><\/td>\u00a3237.067bn<\/span><\/td>\u00a3142.705bn<\/span><\/td>\u00a3379.772bn<\/span><\/td><\/tr>
Ratio (NISRA)<\/span><\/td>0.42%<\/span><\/td>1.89%<\/span><\/td>0.97%<\/span><\/td><\/tr>
Ratio (CSO)<\/span><\/td>0.56%<\/span><\/td>0.67% <\/span><\/td>0.60%<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Why do CSO and NISRA statistics differ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Differences in import and export data between two partner countries are known as Trade Asymmetries<\/a>. In theory, the estimate of trade flows by each country should match. In practice, discrepancies in the reporting of trade flows occur across global trade statistics, related to conceptual and methodological variations<\/a> between the estimation practices of different countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trade differences are documented and reduced by international agencies such as the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development<\/a> (OECD). The Office for National Statistics<\/a> (ONS) is undertaking research into trade asymmetries for the UK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The table above shows that NISRA estimates for cross-border trade differ notably from CSO statistics, particularly for trade flows going from Northern Ireland to Ireland, with an absolute asymmetry of \u00a31.75bn and a relative asymmetry<\/a> of 95%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NISRA explained to FactCheckNI that one reason for this could be the reporting threshold of \u20ac500,000 that CSO is using to estimate trade in products. According to NISRA, \u201cthis is quite high for businesses selling into Ireland\u201d. Likewise, CSO explained: \u201cThere may also be issues surrounding the particular methodologies used to estimate the level of trade which can cause differences.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Compared to the asymmetry for export from the whole of the UK to Ireland<\/a>, where the difference was \u00a30.147bn with a relative asymmetry of just 0.7%, the Northern Ireland discrepancy is remarkably high. NISRA told FactCheckNI that a plausible reason could be that Northern Ireland estimates \u201cinclude both direct reports of trade by Northern Ireland businesses and some trade allocated to Northern Ireland, which is reported by Great Britain-based businesses that have employees based in Northern Ireland\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The tweet by Gerard Batten MEP, which he promptly deleted, was published in the context of the public debate on Brexit, the UK\u2019s withdrawal from the European Union and more specifically, in regards to the \u201cbackstop\u201d element of the provisional agreement between the EU and the UK Government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The tweet made three inter-related claims about Northern Ireland-Ireland trade. TheJournal.ie showed that the claim that there were 100 daily lorry crossings was a large underestimation in comparison with published data (5,900 lorries), while Diageo declared an estimated 35 daily crossings for its beer products (including Guinness).
The value of Northern Ireland-Ireland trade represented 0.97% of UK-EU trade in 2016, based on NISRA data, or 0.60%, based on CSO data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Image source: Morning Delivery<\/a> by Can Pac SWIRE used by licence CC BY-NC<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

FactCheckNI is Northern Ireland\u2019s first and only dedicated independent fact-checking service and a verified signatory<\/a> to the International Fact-Checking Network’s Code of Principles<\/a>. You can learn more about about FactCheckNI<\/a>, our personnel<\/a>, what our article verdicts<\/a> mean, and how to submit a claim<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This claim is inaccurate. There are 5,900 lorry (heavy goods vehicle) crossings daily. Cross-border trade represents 0.97% of UK-EU trade; alternative figures may be due to different measurement practices between countries. On 30 January 2019, UKIP leader Gerard Batten made three related claims in a tweet regarding the Ireland-Northern Ireland border. (The tweet — screenshot…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21487,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,29],"tags":[70,45,140],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIs border trade 0.5% of UK-EU trade? - FactCheckNI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/topics\/economy\/is-border-trade-0-5-of-uk-eu-trade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Is border trade 0.5% of UK-EU trade? - FactCheckNI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This claim is inaccurate. There are 5,900 lorry (heavy goods vehicle) crossings daily. 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