{"id":2289,"date":"2018-10-04T10:35:08","date_gmt":"2018-10-04T10:35:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/?p=2289"},"modified":"2022-03-22T23:36:14","modified_gmt":"2022-03-22T23:36:14","slug":"earning-trust-story-by-story","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/","title":{"rendered":"Earning trust &#8220;story by story&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><br><strong>Can we believe the media? The role of journalism in the digital age<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>by Allan LEONARD for FactCheckNI<\/strong> (<strong>4 October 2018<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20391\" width=\"-172\" height=\"-129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-53x40.jpg 53w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulster.ac.uk\/faculties\/arts-humanities-and-social-sciences\/schools\/communication-and-media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ulster University<\/a> \u2013 along with the UK press regulatory body, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.impress.press\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Impress<\/a>, and the Media, Communication and Cultural Studies Association (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.meccsa.org.uk\/networks\/policy-network\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MeCCSA<\/a>) \u2013 jointly hosted a symposium <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eventbrite.co.uk\/e\/can-we-believe-the-media-the-role-of-journalism-in-the-digital-age-tickets-49593321961#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">event<\/a> at its Belfast campus: \u201cCan we believe the media? The role of journalism in the digital age\u201d. Keynote speakers were <a href=\"https:\/\/www.impress.press\/about-us\/staff.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jonathan Heawood<\/a> (Chief Executive Officer, Impress) and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.presscouncil.ie\/office-of-the-press-ombudsman\/the-press-ombudsman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Peter Feeney<\/a> (Press Ombudsman, Press Council of Ireland).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pure.ulster.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/phil-ramsey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr Phil Ramsey<\/a> (Lecturer, School of Communications and Media, Ulster University; Chair, MeCCSA Policy Network) welcome everyone and reviewed the topics for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.agendani.com\/meet-the-media-clodagh-rice\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Clodagh Rice<\/a> (Business Reporter, BBC Northern Ireland) previewed Mr Heawood with a short video that described the work of Impress:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMPRESS: Who we are and what we do.\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/pMU8091ljNg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jonathan Heawood argued that traditional news sources are being replaced by social media, alternative facts, and \u201cfake news\u201d. His explanation was clicks and tapping on links to generate advertising revenue for the platforms: \u201cClicks are the oil of this new economy.\u201d Heawood said that it is relatively easy to create a digital publication with attention grabbing (but untrue) headlines, compared to a news organisation with professional journalists, where it could take months before you can publish quality copy and years before making any money: \u201cReal journalism takes time!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heawood said that mainstream media is at a crossroads, with three choices:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Let market forces determine fate: corporate owners could consolidate and close operations (loss of local coverage and breadth of topics)<\/li><li>Trust social media platforms to sort it out, adjusting algorithms (\u201cThis is bizarre to give American and Chinese billionaires such power to wield.\u201d)<\/li><li>Talk carefully and cautiously with government to support journalism, across partisan lines<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>He argued that sometimes the market doesn\u2019t deliver news stories, and mooted a \u201cNews Funding Council\u201d, which would support organisations where the market fails. Heawood suggested that to be eligible for such funding, a media organisation would have to demonstrate the upholding of professional standards, how it deals with complaints, and agree to an arbitration process with unresolved issues. He made the case that organisations that can submit themselves to such scrutiny are giving something back to the public, as a way of earning its trust. Heawood added that it\u2019s fair enough for news readers to be skeptical; it is up to media organisations to earn the public\u2019s trust, \u201cday by day, story by story\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I later informed Haewood of the work of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.poynter.org\/channels\/fact-checking\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">International Fact-Checking Network<\/a>, which supports the work of fact-checking projects globally. This includes the third-party verification of a <a href=\"https:\/\/ifcncodeofprinciples.poynter.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">code of principles<\/a>, which informs viewers that they are on a bonafide fact-checking website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What&#039;s the code of principles of the International Fact-Checking Network?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/72-78vidh14?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Peter Feeney began his presentation by reflecting on the role of journalism during the conflict in Northern Ireland: \u201cThere was a chronic need to explain the context of what was happening in the Troubles.\u201d But this statement was not followed up during the subsequent discussion: how well did we do this? How much did reportage exacerbate divisions and how well are we reporting peace building efforts now?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He did give an answer to his mooted question, \u201cCan we trust our journalists?\u201d, by saying that distrust is fuelled by social media: \u201cBut I despair at legacy journalists moaning about platforms!\u201d Nevertheless, Feeney described much of what is published on social media as \u201cpub talk\u201d: \u201cIt has led to more coarsening of public discourse &#8212; but it\u2019s not journalism, subject to regulation.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feeney said that Facebook and Google are victims of their own success, in that they started with a declaration that they are not publishers, \u201cbut that has to end\u201d. He gave an example of a harassment case, where redress to Facebook is by email only: \u201cHow can Facebook in California understand the context of complaints sent from Dublin?\u201d Feeney argued that Facebook\u2019s policy of prohibiting advertising during Ireland\u2019s recent referendum on the 8th Amendment is a self-acknowledgement that it is a player in public discourse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He also discussed how social media can increase pressures on journalists to run with a story even if it hasn\u2019t been thoroughly fact-checked, for fear of a competitor publishing first. This point was also raised during the question and answer session, when a health professional expressed her frustration of fielding calls from journalists, who then publish articles with incomplete information and\/or context. Feeney acknowledged that one explanation is the pressure that a journalist will have from their editor. It was suggested that the journalist should challenge an editor in such cases, and say that they\u2019re not willing for their byline (authorship) be attributed to the article; but considering the managerial chain-of-command, this could be difficult advice for a journalist to adhere to (unless adequate internal controls were in place in a particular media organisation).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rice then chaired a panel discussion, which included <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/yvette-shapiro-512a4910\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yvette Shapiro<\/a> (journalist and broadcaster), <a href=\"http:\/\/viewdigital.org\/2014\/05\/30\/brian-pelan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Brian Pelan<\/a> (VIEW Digital), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.irishnews.com\/other\/ourjournalists\/2015\/06\/18\/authors\/maeve-connolly-140381\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maeve Connolly<\/a> (Irish News), and <a href=\"https:\/\/pure.ulster.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/milne-rowntree\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Milne Rowntree<\/a> (Ulster University).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yvette Shapiro reflected on her time as a journalist thirty years ago compared to now &#8212; fewer staff, barren office space, less coverage. Whereas before you could develop a story, now there\u2019s no time: \u201cThere is the licking of flames around your feet!\u201d It is an uncomfortable landscape to work in, she remarked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yet to try to encourage those interested in a career in journalism, including those in tonight\u2019s audience, she suggested four traits they should have:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Be curious<\/li><li>Be courageous<\/li><li>Be committed<\/li><li>Be resilient<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Brian Pelan had some further, more unexpected advice:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"px-8 md:px-12 relative my-6\">\n\t<h3 class=\"w-full lg:w-7\/12 text-left py-6 text-left quote-block\">Don\u2019t go straight from college into a newspaper [organisation] \u2026 Go out into the world and work at other things. Actually embrace life!<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>In his <a href=\"http:\/\/viewdigital.org\/2018\/10\/05\/view-editor-brian-pelan-gives-speech-at-can-we-believe-the-media-event\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">presentation<\/a>, Pelan pointed out that in the world of journalism there have always been distortions, bias, half-truths, omissions, and spin. Pelan saw the role of a journalist as to try to forge a path through that \u201cand not to become lost in a swamp of weasel words and bluster\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pelan highlighted the role of bias &#8212; one\u2019s own bias &#8212; in how each of us looks at the news. It explains why Trump supporters believe what he says, \u201ceven if the facts ridicule what he says at the same time\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In our digital age, Pelan said, on social media platforms you will find truths, lies, smears, \u201cand incessant noise of keyboard warriors who often produce horrendous sexist and racist garbage \u2026 the sort of material that would be dumped in any self-respecting newsroom\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pelan quoted former Guardian editor, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/2018\/aug\/31\/alan-rusbridger-who-broke-the-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alan Rusbridger<\/a>, who remarked in 2003 &#8212; pre-social media &#8212; that opinion polls indicated that only 13-18% of the population trusted newspapers. The difference between then and now, Rusbridger argues, is a loss of \u201cinnocence\u201d; how much scandal within mainstream media, combined with the emergence of social media and its disruption to the advertising business model, has challenged the concept of news in the public interest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maeve Connolly described how the Irish News is trying to address this challenge via its digital operations. It uses social media to build a community around its brand, as well as a source of information and user-generated content. Social media also serves as a convenient way of distributing content globally (but recognises the vulnerability of Facebook\u2019s periodic algorithm changes). The Irish News also has a metered paywall structure, \u201cto show that journalism is worth paying for\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Connolly said that a notable challenge is to transform stories written for its print format over to its digital format. She pondered whether implementing the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/projects\/2020-report\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New York Times\u2019 method<\/a> &#8212; forcing all its journalists to compose for mobile devices first &#8212; would be too drastic an action at the Irish News.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In designing the course module for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulster.ac.uk\/courses\/201920\/journalism-with-english-15451\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BA degree in Journalism at Ulster University<\/a>, Milne Rowntree explained how he finds out what students are looking for, as well as from those currently in the journalism industry. He defended the print focus, i.e. writing stories, so as students can learn how \u201cto put thoughts into words\u201d. Rowntree then progresses students onto audio (radio and podcasting) and visual mediums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rowntree argued that regardless how social media and digital platforms evolve, and regardless of business model, three characteristics that distinguishes journalism are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Accuracy<\/li><li>Legality<\/li><li>Ethics<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>During the question and answer session, a student asked how these three points were upheld, or not, during the trial of rugby player, Paddy Jackson, earlier this year. Brian Pelan remarked that journalists were accurately, legally, and ethically reporting on what was actually said during the trial hearings: \u201cAnd yet people on social media were criticising this. You\u2019d be called in by the judge \u2026 if you were saying words that weren\u2019t in open court.\u201d Yvette Shapiro replied that indeed the case underlined the need for professional journalism to hold the line and keep standards high, otherwise you end up chasing viewers (via click bait) and drive standards down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulster.ac.uk\/research\/institutes\/media-research\/people\/messenger-davies-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">M\u00e1ire Messenger Davies<\/a> (Professor Emeritus, Media Policy, Ulster University) thanked all of the participants. She said that she was passionate about creating \u201ceducated consumers of media\u201d and the need for all to learn media literacy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PHOTOS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2290\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - IMG_20181004_180518\" class=\"wp-image-2290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Symposium: Can we believe the media? The role of journalism in the digital age. Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland. (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2291\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040071\" class=\"wp-image-2291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040071-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Jonathan HEAWOOD (IMPRESS). (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2292\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040076\" class=\"wp-image-2292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040076-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Peter FEENEY (Press Council of Ireland). (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2293\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - IMG_20181004_192419\" class=\"wp-image-2293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_192419-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Milne ROWNTREE, Yvette SHAPIRO, Maeve CONNOLY, and Brian PELAN. (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2294\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040088\" class=\"wp-image-2294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040088-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Yvette SHAPIRO. (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2295\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040094\" class=\"wp-image-2295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040094-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Brian PELAN (View Digital). (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2296\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040102\" class=\"wp-image-2296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040102-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Maeve CONNOLLY (Irish News). (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2298\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040105\" class=\"wp-image-2298\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040105-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Milne ROWNTREE (Ulster University). (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-2299\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1.jpg\" alt=\"FactCheckNI 20181004 - UlsterUni - PA040112\" class=\"wp-image-2299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-65x49.jpg 65w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-67x50.jpg 67w, https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-PA040112-1-53x40.jpg 53w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>M\u00e1ire MESSENGER DAVIES (Ulster University). (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Can we believe the media? The role of journalism in the digital age by Allan LEONARD for FactCheckNI (4 October 2018) Ulster University \u2013 along with the UK press regulatory body, Impress, and the Media, Communication and Cultural Studies Association (MeCCSA) \u2013 jointly hosted a symposium event at its Belfast campus: \u201cCan we believe the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2290,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[56,57],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Earning trust &quot;story by story&quot; - FactCheckNI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Earning trust &quot;story by story&quot; - FactCheckNI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Can we believe the media? The role of journalism in the digital age by Allan LEONARD for FactCheckNI (4 October 2018) Ulster University \u2013 along with the UK press regulatory body, Impress, and the Media, Communication and Cultural Studies Association (MeCCSA) \u2013 jointly hosted a symposium event at its Belfast campus: \u201cCan we believe the...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FactCheckNI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/factcheckni\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-10-04T10:35:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-03-22T23:36:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Allan LEONARD\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@FactCheckNI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@FactCheckNI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Allan LEONARD\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Allan LEONARD\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ce5d5c4c6dec66ae43e072ecca98e008\"},\"headline\":\"Earning trust &#8220;story by story&#8221;\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-04T10:35:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-03-22T23:36:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\"},\"wordCount\":1592,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"fact checking\",\"journalism\"],\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\",\"name\":\"Earning trust \\\"story by story\\\" - FactCheckNI\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-04T10:35:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-03-22T23:36:14+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/FactCheckNI-20181004-UlsterUni-IMG_20181004_180518-1.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":900,\"caption\":\"Symposium: Can we believe the media? 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The role of journalism in the digital age. Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland. (c) Allan LEONARD @MrUlster"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/articles\/news\/earning-trust-story-by-story\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Earning trust &#8220;story by story&#8221;"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/","name":"FactCheckNI","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#organization","name":"FactCheckNI","url":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Logo-FactCheckNI-JPG-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Logo-FactCheckNI-JPG-1.jpg","width":1472,"height":361,"caption":"FactCheckNI"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/factcheckni","https:\/\/x.com\/FactCheckNI","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/factcheckni_","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/factcheckni"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ce5d5c4c6dec66ae43e072ecca98e008","name":"Allan LEONARD","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e6332cfa059405547639e102875b3daa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e6332cfa059405547639e102875b3daa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Allan LEONARD"},"description":"Peace Journalist \u2022 Editor \u2022 Writer \u2022 Photographer \u2022 Editor @SharedFuture \u2022 Editor @FactCheckNI \u2022 www.mrulster.com","sameAs":["http:\/\/mrulster.com"],"url":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/author\/mrulster\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2289"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2289"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22746,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2289\/revisions\/22746"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2290"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheckni.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}